The smoothened agonist SAG reduces mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity of frataxin-deficient astrocytes

Andrés Vicente-Acosta, Alfredo Giménez-Cassina, Javier Díaz-Nido and Frida Loria; J Neuroinflammation 19, 93 (2022). doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02442-w

Furthermore, in vitro culture of neurons with conditioned medium from frataxin-deficient astrocytes results in a reduction of neuronal survival, neurite length and synapse formation. However, when frataxin-deficient astrocytes were chronically treated with SAG, we did not observe these alterations in neurons.