Protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre study of the efficacy and safety of nicotinamide in patients with Friedreich ataxia (NICOFA)

Kathrin Reetz, Ralf-Dieter Hilgers, Susanne Isfort, Marc Dohmen, Claire Didszun, Kathrin Fedosov, Jennifer Kistermann, Caterina Mariotti, Alexandra Durr, Sylvia Boesch, Thomas Klopstock, Francisco Javier Rodríguez de Rivera Garrido, Ludger Schöls, Thomas Klockgether, Massimo Pandolfo, Rudolf Korinthenberg, Philip Lavin, Geert Molenberghs, Vincenzo Libri, Paola Giunti, Richard Festenstein, Jörg B. Schulz & the EFACTS or NICOFA study group. Neurological Research and Practice volume 1, Article number: 33 (2019) doi:10.1186/s42466-019-0038-9


Currently, no treatment that delays with the progression of Friedreich ataxia is available. In the majority of patients Friedreich ataxia is caused by homozygous pathological expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene. Nicotinamide acts as a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Dose escalation studies have shown, that short term treatment with dosages of up to 4 g/day increase the expression of FXN mRNA and frataxin protein up to the levels of asymptomatic heterozygous gene carriers. The long-term effects and the effects on clinical endpoints, activities of daily living and quality of life are unknown.