Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central hallmark of metabolic, hepatic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Dietary polyphenols modulate mitochondrial pathways, but their integrated effects remain poorly appreciated. This narrative review synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence on four polyphenols (resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, quercetin, and oleuropein) and examines their mechanisms in mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA protection, and mitophagy. Experimental studies indicate that these compounds activate conserved adaptive pathways, including sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) with Parkin, therapy enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, and promoting selective removal of damaged mitochondria
Tuesday, June 23, 2026
Polyphenols in mtDNA Repair, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Mitophagy: An Integrative Review
Victoria-Montesinos, D., Barcina-Pérez, P., García-Muñoz, A.M. (2026). Polyphenols in mtDNA Repair, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Mitophagy: An Integrative Review. BIOCELL, 50(6), 2. doi:10.32604/biocell.2026.077286
