Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19599-604. Epub 2009 Nov 2.
Rivieccio MA, Brochier C, Willis DE, Walker BA, D'Annibale MA, McLaughlin K, Siddiq A, Kozikowski AP, Jaffrey SR, Twiss JL, Ratan RR, Langley B.
Burke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
Keywords:Central nervous system (CNS) trauma,, neuronal degeneration, axonal degeneration, toxicity, anticancer properties, neuronal protection against oxidative stress, promotes neurite growth, HDAC6.
Monday, November 30, 2009
Thursday, November 26, 2009
Metal chelators coupled with nanoparticles as potential therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease.
J Nanoneurosci. 2009 Jun 1;1(1):42-55.
Liu G, Men P, Perry G, Smith MA.
Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease (AD), blood-brain barrier, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, chelation agents, iron-associated neurodegenerative diseases, Friedreich's ataxia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Hallervorden-Spatz Syndrome, nanoparticle technology, very early stages of development.
Liu G, Men P, Perry G, Smith MA.
Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease (AD), blood-brain barrier, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, chelation agents, iron-associated neurodegenerative diseases, Friedreich's ataxia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Hallervorden-Spatz Syndrome, nanoparticle technology, very early stages of development.
Clinical aspects of coenzyme Q(10): An update.
Nutrition. 2009 Nov 20.
Littarru GP, Tiano L.
Department of Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Keywords: Q(10) (CoQ(10)), in mitochondrial bioenergetics, antioxidant properties, clinical applications, cardiovascular disease, physical exercise, mitochondrial myopathies, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's ataxia, preeclampsia in pregnancy. headache symptoms, pediatric and adolescent populations.
Littarru GP, Tiano L.
Department of Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Keywords: Q(10) (CoQ(10)), in mitochondrial bioenergetics, antioxidant properties, clinical applications, cardiovascular disease, physical exercise, mitochondrial myopathies, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's ataxia, preeclampsia in pregnancy. headache symptoms, pediatric and adolescent populations.
Wednesday, November 25, 2009
A theoretical analysis on characteristics of protein structures induced by cold denaturation
J. Chem. Phys. 131, 205102 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3265985
Published 24 November 2009
Hiraku Oshima, Takashi Yoshidome, Ken-ichi Amano, and Masahiro Kinoshita
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
Keywords: frataxin, cold denaturation, morphometric approach, entropy change, unfolded structures.
Published 24 November 2009
Hiraku Oshima, Takashi Yoshidome, Ken-ichi Amano, and Masahiro Kinoshita
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
Keywords: frataxin, cold denaturation, morphometric approach, entropy change, unfolded structures.
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
A Diet Enriched in Polyphenols and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, LMN Diet, Induces Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone and Hippocampus of Adult Mouse Brain
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, DOI 10.3233/JAD-2009-1188
Authors
Tony Valente1, Juan Hidalgo2, Irene Bolea1, Bartolomé Ramirez3, Neus Anglés3, Jordi Reguant3, José Ramón Morelló3, Cristina Gutiérrez1, Mercè Boada4, Mercedes Unzeta1
1Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Torre M2, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
2Institut de Neurociències, and Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiologia, e Inmunología, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
3La Morella Nuts SA, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: 129S1/SvImJ mice, adult neurogenesis, diet, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, several neurodegenerative pathologies, potent antioxidant effect, neurodegenerative diseases.
Full text: http://iospress.metapress.com/content/91261l2n31q4q797/fulltext.pdf
Authors
Tony Valente1, Juan Hidalgo2, Irene Bolea1, Bartolomé Ramirez3, Neus Anglés3, Jordi Reguant3, José Ramón Morelló3, Cristina Gutiérrez1, Mercè Boada4, Mercedes Unzeta1
1Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Torre M2, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
2Institut de Neurociències, and Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiologia, e Inmunología, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
3La Morella Nuts SA, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: 129S1/SvImJ mice, adult neurogenesis, diet, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, several neurodegenerative pathologies, potent antioxidant effect, neurodegenerative diseases.
Full text: http://iospress.metapress.com/content/91261l2n31q4q797/fulltext.pdf
Polyphenols and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Boost the Birth of New Neurons, Study Finds
ScienceDaily (Nov. 24, 2009) — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) researchers have confirmed that a diet rich in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids, patented as an LMN diet, helps boost the production of the brain's stem cells -neurogenesis- and strengthens their differentiation in different types of neuron cells. read more....
Histone modifications are specifically relocated during gene activation and nuclear differentiation
OPEN ACCESS
Katharina S Heyse , Susanne E Weber and Hans Joachim Lipps
BMC Genomics 2009, 10:554doi:10.1186/1471-2164-10-554
Published: 24 November 2009
Abstract (provisional)
Background
Post-translational histone modifications (PTMs) and their specific distribution on genes play a crucial role in the control of gene expression, but the regulation of their dynamics upon gene activation and differentiation is still poorly understood. Here, we exploit the unique genome organization of ciliates to analyse PTM dynamics during gene activation in the differentiated cell and during nuclear differentiation. In the macronucleus of these cells the DNA is organized into nanochromosomes which represent independent functional units. Therefore ciliated protozoa represent a simplistic model system to analyse the relevance of histone modifications and their localization for gene expression and differentiation.
Results
We analysed the distribution of three PTMs on six individual nanochromosomes, two of which are silenced in the vegetative cell and only activated during sexual reproduction. We show that a specific relocation of these PTMs correlates with gene activation. Moreover, macronuclear-destined sequences in the differentiating macronucleus display a distribution of PTMs which differs significantly from the PTM patterns of actively transcribed genes.
Conclusions
We show for the first time that a relocation of specific histone modifications takes place during activation of genes. In addition, we demonstrate that genes in a differentiating nucleus are characterised by a specific distribution and composition of PTMs. This allows us to propose a mechanistic model about the relevance of PTMs for gene activation, gene silencing and nuclear differentiation. Results described here will be relevant for eukaryotic cells in general.
The complete article is available as a provisional PDF
Katharina S Heyse , Susanne E Weber and Hans Joachim Lipps
BMC Genomics 2009, 10:554doi:10.1186/1471-2164-10-554
Published: 24 November 2009
Abstract (provisional)
Background
Post-translational histone modifications (PTMs) and their specific distribution on genes play a crucial role in the control of gene expression, but the regulation of their dynamics upon gene activation and differentiation is still poorly understood. Here, we exploit the unique genome organization of ciliates to analyse PTM dynamics during gene activation in the differentiated cell and during nuclear differentiation. In the macronucleus of these cells the DNA is organized into nanochromosomes which represent independent functional units. Therefore ciliated protozoa represent a simplistic model system to analyse the relevance of histone modifications and their localization for gene expression and differentiation.
Results
We analysed the distribution of three PTMs on six individual nanochromosomes, two of which are silenced in the vegetative cell and only activated during sexual reproduction. We show that a specific relocation of these PTMs correlates with gene activation. Moreover, macronuclear-destined sequences in the differentiating macronucleus display a distribution of PTMs which differs significantly from the PTM patterns of actively transcribed genes.
Conclusions
We show for the first time that a relocation of specific histone modifications takes place during activation of genes. In addition, we demonstrate that genes in a differentiating nucleus are characterised by a specific distribution and composition of PTMs. This allows us to propose a mechanistic model about the relevance of PTMs for gene activation, gene silencing and nuclear differentiation. Results described here will be relevant for eukaryotic cells in general.
The complete article is available as a provisional PDF
Monday, November 23, 2009
Complement-Derived Anaphylatoxin C3a Regulates In Vitro Differentiation and Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells
STEM CELLS
Volume 27 Issue 11;Pages 2824-2832
Published Online: 25;Sep;2009
Noriko Shinjyo 1, Anders Ståhlberg 2, Mike Dragunow 3, Milos Pekny 2, Marcela Pekna 1 *¶1Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
2Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
3Department of Pharmacology and The National Research Centre for Growth and Development, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Keywords: C3a, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, Neural progenitor cells, Neuronal differentiation, Migration, neuroprotection, neurogenesis.
Volume 27 Issue 11;Pages 2824-2832
Published Online: 25;Sep;2009
Noriko Shinjyo 1, Anders Ståhlberg 2, Mike Dragunow 3, Milos Pekny 2, Marcela Pekna 1 *¶1Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
2Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
3Department of Pharmacology and The National Research Centre for Growth and Development, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Keywords: C3a, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, Neural progenitor cells, Neuronal differentiation, Migration, neuroprotection, neurogenesis.
New Discovery About Formation of New Brain Cells
ScienceDaily (Nov. 23, 2009) — The generation of new nerve cells in the brain is regulated by a peptide known as C3a, which directly affects the stem cells' maturation into nerve cells and is also important for the migration of new nerve cells through the brain tissue, reveals new research from the Sahlgrenska Academy published in the journal Stem Cells. (read more)
A Periplasmic Reducing System Protects Single Cysteine Residues from Oxidation
(Related to the previous post, the source paper of the previus news)
Science 20 November 2009, Vol. 326. no. 5956, pp. 1109 - 1111, DOI: 10.1126/science.1179557
Matthieu Depuydt,1 Stephen E. Leonard,2 Didier Vertommen,1 Katleen Denoncin,1 Pierre Morsomme,3 Khadija Wahni,4,5 Joris Messens,4,5 Kate S. Carroll,2 Jean-François Collet1,*
de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
2 Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109–1048, USA.
3 Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
4 Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
5 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Keywords: thiol group, cysteine, disulfide bonds, oxidation, sulfenic acids, sulfonic acids, DsbG, DsbC, thioredoxin-related proteins.
Science 20 November 2009, Vol. 326. no. 5956, pp. 1109 - 1111, DOI: 10.1126/science.1179557
Matthieu Depuydt,1 Stephen E. Leonard,2 Didier Vertommen,1 Katleen Denoncin,1 Pierre Morsomme,3 Khadija Wahni,4,5 Joris Messens,4,5 Kate S. Carroll,2 Jean-François Collet1,*
de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
2 Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109–1048, USA.
3 Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
4 Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
5 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Keywords: thiol group, cysteine, disulfide bonds, oxidation, sulfenic acids, sulfonic acids, DsbG, DsbC, thioredoxin-related proteins.
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